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Brushing your pet's teeth is an often overlooked part of caring for your furry friend. It is not as hard as it may seem, and it is a very important part of preventing disease in your pet. Many people are not aware that pets are prone to gingivitis (gum disease) and tartar just like humans. By brushing your pet's teeth, you will make their breath smell better and their teeth much healthier. You also reduce their risk of heart trouble and kidney failure, which are sometimes caused by the bacteria associated with severe dental disease.
Before you start brushing, make sure that you have a toothpaste made espeically for pets. Human toothpaste is not appropriate for dogs and cats because they will swallow it and it will give them an upset stomach. Veterinary toothpaste comes in flavors designed to make brushing fun for your pet, such as poultry and malt flavors. While it may seem disgusting to us, cats and dogs love it and will seek it out.
You will also need some sort of brush for your pet's teeth. Using your finger is possible, but it can be difficult if your pet really likes the toothpaste. An old toothbrush can sometimes be used on larger dogs. For smaller dogs or cats, many stores carry finger brushes. This brush is similar to a thimble and slips over the index finger. It is made of durable plastic and has soft bristles that should be gentle to your pet's gums.
Most veterinarians recommend brushing your pet's teeth once daily, but even once weekly will benefit your pet. Do it as often as your schedule will allow. Also, by feeding dry food instead of wet you will help prevent dental disease in your pet. There are also several dental diets on the market now that are formulated to reduce tartar buildup.
Introducing your pet to brushing can take a little time. Most pets are initially uncertain about having someone poking around in their mouth. Start by getting your pet used to you rubbing his or her lips with your finger. Do this until your cat or dog does not resist this procedure - which may take a week or longer. Next, rub your pet's teeth with your finger and no toothpaste. When your pet will accept this, add the toothpaste.
Another approach to training your pet to sit quietly for brushing is to introduce the toothpaste first. For pets that especially like the flavor, allow them to lick a small amount off your finger or their toothbrush for a few days. After they begin to look forward to this treat, apply a little more on the brush as they lick it. Start to brush as they try to lick the toothpaste.
If possible, brush for 1 to 2 minutes. However, if your pet resists do not force them! If you make it a battle, your pet will quickly learn to avoid you when he or she sees the toothpaste come out of the cupboard.
Brush only the outside of the teeth. Due to the action of the tongue, both cats and dogs usually have little to no decay or tartar on the inside of their teeth. Brush back and forth and in a circular motion like you would on your own teeth. Pay special attention to the molars because these can be hard to reach.
While brushing, watch for reddened gums, which are a sign of gingivitis. Also look for lumps on the gums. While some lumps are benign, there are several malignant tumors that will grow in the mouth and invade the bone of the jaw. Examine the teeth - especially the large premolars in dogs - for signs of fractures. Dogs that chew bones, sticks, or rocks can actually crack off a portion of the tooth enamel. If the fractured portion exposes the pulp, or root of the tooth, your pet has a chance to get an infection or abscess in the tooth. If you note any of the above problems or see something else that concerns you, give your veterinarian a call.
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